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Rule 1 – Direct To Indirect Speech Conversion – Reporting Verb When the reporting verb of direct speech is in past tense then all the present tenses are changed to the corresponding past tense in indirect speech.  Direct to indirect speech example:  Direct: She  said , ‘I am happy’. Indirect: She  said  (that) she  was  happy. In indirect speech, tenses  do not change  if the words used within the quotes (‘’) talk of a habitual action or universal truth. Direct to indirect speech example: Direct: He said, ‘We  cannot live  without air’. Indirect: He said that we  cannot live  without air.  The  tenses of direct speech do not change  if the reporting verb is in the  future tense  or  present tense .  Direct to indirect speech example: Direct: She says/will say, ‘I am going’ Indirect: She says/will say she is going.